Total land area requirements varies depending on the technology the topography of the site and the intensity.
Externalities solar panels.
The potential environmental impacts associated with solar power land use and habitat loss water use and the use of hazardous materials in manufacturing can vary greatly depending on the technology which includes two broad categories.
After solar panels are installed they produce emission free energy for 25 years.
In the uk this has been patchy due to changing government policies and major expenditure is now required to deal with legacy wastes arising from early nuclear power generation effectively an external cost albeit an historical one.
Solar panels take a lot of energy to create but the total emissions are heavily front loaded.
Solar pv silicon based panels as electronic waste are an issue at end of life.
This video discusses some of the negative externalities related to solar panel production and maintenance which supporters of green energy are virtually unaware of.
The manufacturing process is irrelevant without context of the lifetime generated energy as well as how other fuel sources stack up.
The sun provides a tremendous resource for generating clean and sustainable electricity without toxic pollution or global warming emissions.